1. Hamas surprise attack on Israel

On October 7, 2023, Hamas launched a surprise attack on Israel, firing over 1,000 rockets into southern Israel. The attack was the largest rocket attack on Israel since the 2014 Gaza War.

2. Israel's massive retaliation

Israel responded to Hamas' attack with a massive retaliation, carrying out hundreds of airstrikes on targets in Gaza. The airstrikes killed dozens of people, including Hamas militants and civilians.

3. Capture of Israeli soldiers and civilians

During the fighting, Hamas captured several Israeli soldiers and civilians. Hamas used the hostages as bargaining chips in negotiations with Israel.

4. Israel's ground invasion of Gaza

On October 10, 2023, Israel launched a ground invasion of Gaza. Israeli forces fought their way through Gaza, targeting Hamas militants and infrastructure.

5. Heavy civilian casualties

The fighting in Gaza resulted in heavy civilian casualties. Over 200 Palestinians were killed, including many women and children. Over 1,000 Israelis were also wounded.

6. International pressure for a ceasefire

The international community put pressure on Israel and Hamas to agree to a ceasefire. On October 12, 2023, Israel and Hamas agreed to a ceasefire.

7. The aftermath of the war

The war in Gaza left a trail of destruction. Thousands of homes were destroyed and thousands of people were displaced. The war also had a devastating impact on the Gazan economy.

8. The future of Israel-Palestinian relations

The war in Gaza has further damaged Israel-Palestinian relations. It is unclear how the two sides will be able to move forward towards a peace agreement.

9. The role of the United States

The United States played a key role in mediating the ceasefire between Israel and Hamas. The United States also provided Israel with military and financial assistance during the war.

10. The impact of the war on the Middle East

The war in Gaza has had a destabilizing impact on the Middle East. The war has exacerbated tensions between Israel and its Arab neighbors. The war has also strengthened the position of Hamas and other extremist groups in the region.